18 exam-relevant headlines, written simply. Read the bold fact in each — that's what exams ask.
2024-07economy
Economic Survey 2023-24 tabled before the Budget
The Economic Survey, the Finance Ministry's review of the economy prepared under Chief Economic Adviser V. Anantha Nageswaran, was presented in Parliament a day before the Union Budget, as is the annual practice.
- 📌 Prepared under CEA: V. Anantha Nageswaran
- 📌 Released before the Union Budget
2024-07-01national
New criminal codes come into force
Three new criminal laws - the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam - took effect on July 1, 2024, replacing the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (1860), Code of Criminal Procedure (1898) and Indian Evidence Act (1872).
- 📌 Effective: July 1, 2024
- 📌 Replaced: IPC, CrPC, Evidence Act
2024-07-09international
NATO holds 75th anniversary summit in Washington
NATO's 75th anniversary summit was held in Washington DC from July 9-11, 2024, themed 'Ukraine and transatlantic security'. The 32 members pledged long-term support for Ukraine, and it was the first summit with Sweden as a member.
- 📌 Venue: Washington DC
- 📌 75th anniversary of NATO
- 📌 First summit with Sweden as member
2024-07-14sports
Spain win Euro 2024
Spain beat England 2-1 in the Euro 2024 final at Berlin on July 14, 2024 to win a record fourth European title, winning all seven matches. Rodri was Player of the Tournament.
- 📌 Final: Spain 2-1 England, Berlin
- 📌 Spain's record 4th title
- 📌 Player of the Tournament: Rodri
2024-07-14sports
Alcaraz and Krejcikova win Wimbledon singles
Carlos Alcaraz beat Novak Djokovic to retain the men's title, and Barbora Krejcikova of the Czech Republic beat Jasmine Paolini of Italy for the women's title at the 137th Wimbledon Championships.
- 📌 Men: Carlos Alcaraz
- 📌 Women: Barbora Krejcikova
- 📌 137th edition
2024-07-19economy
WazirX loses $234 million in cyberattack
Indian cryptocurrency exchange WazirX announced a hack in which about USD 234 million was stolen, roughly half the platform's assets.
- 📌 Amount: about USD 234 million
- 📌 About half the platform's assets
2024-07-19international
Global IT outage hits Windows systems
A faulty CrowdStrike software update crashed millions of Windows computers worldwide with 'blue screen of death' errors, grounding flights and disrupting hospitals, banks and broadcasters.
- 📌 Cause: faulty CrowdStrike update
- 📌 Affected: Windows systems worldwide
2024-07-19obituaries
Vietnam's top leader Nguyen Phu Trong dies
Nguyen Phu Trong, General Secretary of Vietnam's Communist Party, died at the age of 80. President To Lam took over the post on an acting basis.
- 📌 Role: Communist Party General Secretary of Vietnam
- 📌 Died at 80
2024-07-19international
ICJ declares Israel's occupation unlawful
The International Court of Justice ruled that Israel's settlement construction and annexation in the West Bank and East Jerusalem were unlawful, and said its presence in the occupied Palestinian territory was illegal.
- 📌 Court: International Court of Justice
- 📌 Ruling on West Bank and East Jerusalem
2024-07-19international
US journalist Gershkovich sentenced in Russia
A Russian court convicted Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich of spying and sentenced him to 16 years in prison. He was freed less than a month later in the largest East-West prisoner swap since the Cold War.
- 📌 Sentence: 16 years
- 📌 Freed in the August 1, 2024 prisoner swap
2024-07-21international
Joe Biden withdraws from US presidential race
US President Joe Biden withdrew from the 2024 presidential race on July 21, 2024, endorsing Vice President Kamala Harris, who became the Democratic nominee the next day.
- 📌 Biden withdrew: July 21, 2024
- 📌 Endorsed: Kamala Harris
2024-07-23economy
Union Budget 2024-25 presented
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman presented the Union Budget 2024-25 on July 23, 2024, the first budget of the NDA government's third term. The fiscal deficit target was set at 4.9% of GDP, the standard deduction was raised to Rs 75,000, the angel tax was abolished, and capital gains were rationalised (STCG 20%, LTCG 12.5%).
- 📌 Presented: July 23, 2024
- 📌 Fiscal deficit target: 4.9% of GDP
- 📌 Standard deduction raised to Rs 75,000
2024-07-26national
Moidams of Assam join UNESCO World Heritage list
The Charaideo Moidam tomb complex in Assam, the mound-burial system of the Ahom dynasty, was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, announced on July 26, 2024.
- 📌 Site: Charaideo Moidams, Assam
- 📌 Ahom dynasty burial mounds
2024-07-26international
India and China agree to push border disengagement
India and China agreed to cooperate on pulling troops back from their disputed border, with the aim of achieving complete disengagement as quickly as possible.
- 📌 Focus: troop disengagement at the border
2024-07-26days
Kargil Vijay Diwas observed
Kargil Vijay Diwas was observed on July 26, marking the anniversary of India's victory in the 1999 Kargil War under Operation Vijay, which ended on July 26, 1999.
- 📌 War ended: July 26, 1999
- 📌 Operation: Vijay
2024-07-26sports
Paris Olympics open
The 2024 Summer Olympics opened in Paris on July 26, 2024 with the motto 'Games Wide Open' and mascot 'Phryges'. About 10,700 athletes from 204 nations competed; the United States topped the medal table.
- 📌 Opening: July 26, 2024
- 📌 Motto: 'Games Wide Open'
- 📌 Top nation: USA (40 golds)
2024-07-28international
Venezuela election result disputed
Venezuela's election authority declared President Nicolas Maduro the winner of the July 28, 2024 election with about 52% against opposition candidate Edmundo Gonzalez's 43%, a result the opposition and many countries rejected.
- 📌 Declared winner: Nicolas Maduro
- 📌 Main challenger: Edmundo Gonzalez
- 📌 Result widely disputed
2024-07-30national
Wayanad landslides kill over 400
Multiple landslides hit Mundakkai and Chooralmala villages in Wayanad district, Kerala on July 30, 2024, killing 420 people - the deadliest disaster in Kerala's history - and destroying the Chooralmala bridge.
- 📌 Date: July 30, 2024
- 📌 Deaths: 420
- 📌 Deadliest disaster in Kerala's history